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HCA Study
Confirms
Super
CitriMax May
Be The Most
Effective,
All-Natural
Diet
Indgredient
Yet.
Contents:
New HCA
Study
An American
Epidemic
Super-Enhanced/Patent-Pending
"Clinical
Strength"
Solution
Unexpected
Results
New Dosage
Look for the
Logo on the
Label
References
You’re
probably
familiar
with
CitriMax®,
the No. 1
selling (–)hydroxycitric
acid (HCA)
diet
ingredient
in the
world. In
one of the
most
comprehensive
HCA studies1,2
ever
conducted,
researchers
at
Georgetown
University
Medical
Center
(Washington,
DC) and
Andhra
University (Visakhapatnam,
India) have
discovered
some
surprising
benefits of
our new,
more
powerful
form of
CitriMax®,
known as
Super
CitriMax®—benefits
that can
make this
ingredient
even more
attractive
to people
trying to
lose or
maintain
weight.
Not only
does Super
CitriMax®
curb
appetite,
burn fat and
result in
significant
weight loss
without side
effects, it
also
promotes
healthy
blood lipid
levels and
reduces Body
Mass Index,
an indicator
of healthy
body weight.
But the most
exciting
news of all
is that
Super
CitriMax®
has been
shown to
increase
levels of
serum
serotonin, a
neurotransmitter
involved in
mood, sleep
and appetite
control,
which may
help address
many of the
emotional
issues
overweight
people face,
including
binge-eating
and
depression.*
An American
Epidemic
Recently,
the U.S.
Surgeon
General
announced
that excess
body weight
has replaced
smoking as
the leading
health risk
to
Americans.
How do we
fight it?
There are no
magic
bullets, but
the CitriMax®
family of
ingredients
can play an
important
role in the
battle
against the
bulge.
Derived from
the South
Asian fruit
Garcinia
cambogia,
the CitriMax®
family
contains
standardized
levels of
HCA. This
all-natural,
organic acid
has been
shown to
reduce
appetite and
inhibit fat
synthesis
without
affecting
the central
nervous
system.
Thus,
CitriMax®
does not
cause side
effects such
as insomnia,
increased
blood
pressure or
rapid heart
rate the way
diet
stimulants
do.
Super-Enhanced/Patent-Pending
Super
CitriMax®
consists of
a unique,
patent-pending
form of HCA
bound to the
minerals
calcium
and
potassium.
As a result,
it is
virtually
100% soluble
and more
bioavailable3
than regular
calcium-based
HCA
ingredients.
Super
CitriMax®
also
contains 20%
more HCA
than
ordinary HCA
products.
(Regular
CitriMax® is
70% soluble
and contains
50% HCA,
while the
solubility
and potency
of other HCA
products on
the market
are
typically
quite
lower.)
"Clinical
Strength"
Solution
Researchers
now know
that HCA
product
potency,
bioavailability
and
dosage are
essential
requirements
for optimal
and
consistent
results. In
the recent
Super
CitriMax®
clinical
study, it
was
discovered
that optimal
doses
(2,700-2,800
mg HCA/day)
of Super
CitriMax®
results not
only in
significant
weight loss,
but:
-
lowers
triglycerides,
LDL and
total
cholesterol
(cardiovascular
risk
factors)*
-
increases
beneficial
HDL
cholesterol*
-
reduces
Body Mass
Index (an
indicator
of healthy
body
weight)
Unexpected
Results
The most
fascinating
findings of
the Super
CitriMax®
clinical
study,
however, are
how Super
CitriMax®
works in the
body. The
researchers
found that
people
taking
optimal
doses of
Super
CitriMax®
increased
serum
serotonin
levels, a
mechanism of
appetite
control and
eating
behavior,
and
increased
excretion of
fat
metabolites
(a
measurement
of "fat
burning").*
New Dosage
For optimal
results,
researchers
recommend
1,500
milligrams
of Super
CitriMax®
providing
900
milligrams
of HCA be
taken 30-60
minutes
before
meals, three
times per
day (4,500
mgs Super
CitriMax®
providing
2,700 mgs
HCA total).
This dosage
level is
significantly
higher than
that
recommended
in most
dietary
supplements
containing
HCA, but is
consistent
with
successful
animal
trials,4-7
as well as
the Super
CitriMax®
clinical
study
results.
Look for the
Logo on the
Label
Super
CitriMax® is
a
nutritional
ingredient
available in
a variety of
quality
weight loss
products.
Consumers
can identify
products
that contain
optimal
doses of
Super
CitriMax® by
looking for
the "Super
CitriMax®
Clinical
Strength"
logo on the
label.
*These
statements
have not
been
evaluated by
the Food and
Drug
Administration.
This product
is not
intended to
cure,
mitigate,
treat or
prevent any
disease.
References
-
Preuss HG,
Bagchi D,
Bagchi M,
Rao CVS,
Satyanarayana
S and Dey
DK,
Efficacy
of a
Novel,
Natural
Extract of
(–)Hydroxycitric
Acid(HCA-SX)
and a
Combination
of HCA-SX,
Niacin-Bound
Chromium
and
Gymnema
sylvestre
Extract in
Weight
Management
in Human
Volunteers:
A Pilot
Study,
Nutrition
Research,
24:45-58,
2004.
-
Preuss HG,
Bagchi D,
Bagchi M,
Rao CVS,
Dey DK and
Satyanarayana
S, Effects
of a
Natural
Extract of
(–)Hydroxycitric
Acid(HCA-SX)
and a
Combination
of HCA-SX
plus
Niacin-Bound
Chromium
and
Gymnema
sylvestre
Extract on
Weight
Loss,
Diabetes,
Obesity
and
Metabolism,
6:171-180,
2004.
-
Loe YC,
Bergeron
N,
Rodriguez
N, Schwarz
J-M, Gas
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry
Method to
Quantify
Blood
Hydroxycitrate
Concentration,
Analytical
Biochemisty,
292:148-154,
2001.
-
Sullivan
AC,
Triscari
J,
Hamilton
JG, Miller
ON,
Wheatley
VR, Effect
of (–)Hydroxycitrate
Upon the
Accumulation
of Lipid
in the
Rat. 1.
Lipogenesis,
Lipids,
9:121-128,
1974.
-
Sullivan
AC,
Triscari
J,
Hamilton
JG, Miller
ON, Effect
of (–)Hydroxycitrate
Upon the
Accumulation
of Lipid
in the
Rat. II.
Appetite,
Lipids,
9:129-134,
1974.
-
Ohia SE,
Awe SO,
LeDay AM,
Opere CA,
Bagchi D,
Effect of
Hydroxycitric
Acid on
Serotonin
Release
from
Isolated
Rat Brain
Cortex,
Research
Communications
in
Molecular
Pathology
and
Pharmacology,
109:210-216,
2001.
-
Ohia SE,
Opere CA,
LeDay AM,
Bagchi M,
Bagchi D,
Stohs SJ,
Safety and
Mechanism
of
Appetite
Suppression
by a Novel
Hydroxycitric
Acid
Extract
(HCA-SX),
Molecular
and
Cellular
Biochemistry,
238:89-103,
2002.
-
McArdle
WD, Katch
FI, Katch
VL,
Exercise
Physiology:
Energy,
Nutrition
and Human
Performance,
4th
Edition,
pp.
541-542,
1996,
Williams
and
Wilkins,
Baltimore,
USA.
-
Blundell
JE,
Serotonin
and the
Biology of
Feeding,
American
Journal of
Clinical
Nutrition,
55:155S-159S,
1992.
-
Leibowitz
SF,
Alexander
JT,
Hypothalamic
Serotonin
in Control
of Eating
Behavior,
Meal Size,
and Body
Weight,
Biological
Psychiatry,
44:851-864,
1998.
-
Kazakoff
K, Cardesa
T, Liu J,
Adrian TE,
Bagchi D,
Bagchi M,
Birt DF,
Pour PM,
Effects of
Voluntary
Physical
Exercise
on
High-Fat
Diet-Promoted
Pancreatic
Carcinogenesis
in the
Hamster
Model,
Nutrition
and Cancer,
26:265-279,
1996.
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The Super CitriMax
Study Protocol
The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
human clinical trial was conducted using Super
CitriMax®, a standardized calcium/potassium (–)
hydroxycitric acid (HCA) extract containing 60% HCA
(patent-pending). Approximately 90 moderately
overweight human subjects were enrolled in the
study. Subjects were placed on a daily diet of 2,000
kcal. Food was prepared and delivered to the
subjects, and food intake was strictly supervised by
trained dieticians. Subjects also underwent a 30
minute walking exercise program five days a week,
which was supervised by a trained exercise
specialist. The subjects were randomly divided into
two groups. The first group was given a placebo and
the second group was given a daily dose of Super
CitriMax® (4,666 mgs providing 2,800 mgs HCA) in
three equally divided doses, 30-60 minutes before
breakfast, lunch and dinner for eight weeks. Changes
in body weight, lipid profile (triglycerides, LDL,
HDL and total cholesterol), serum serotonin levels
(a mechanism of appetite control and eating
behavior), Body Mass Index (an indicator of healthy
body weight), fat metabolites (malondialdehyde,
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone) and appetite
control (food consumption) were assessed.1,2 |
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Clinically
Demonstrated Benefits
Results of the double-blind placebo-controlled study
showed that at the dosage level given, Super
CitriMax® significantly:
- Curbs appetite and
reduces food intake*
- Inhibits fat synthesis
and increases fat "burning"*
- Reduces body weight and
decreases (3-times greater than diet and excercise
alone)*
- Body Mass Index (an
indicator of healthy body weight)*
- Maintains healthy
cholesterol levels*
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Body Mass Index (BMI)
BMI is frequently used by clinicians to evaluate the
"normalcy" of one’s body weight. BMI has a higher
association with body fat than body weight alone. A
high BMI is associated with increased risk of
cardiovascular disease (including hypertension),
diabetes and kidney disease.8 Super
CitriMax® significantly reduces BMI in the body.1,2 |
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Serotonin and
Appetite Control
Appetite suppression of HCA is thought to result
from increased glycogen production and concomitant
stimulation of glucoreceptors in the liver, which
sends signals of satiety to the brain. However,
recent clinical and pre-clinical studies show that
Super CitriMax® increases levels of serotonin
(5-HT), a vital neurotransmitter involved in a wide
range of behavioral functions in the body, including
mood, sleep and appetite control.9
Studies show that serotonin affects eating behavior
and body weight. Increased plasma levels of
serotonin are associated with decreased food intake,
reduced weight gain and increased energy
expenditure.10 Super CitriMax®
significantly inhibits serotonin re-uptake and
increases serum serotonin levels in the body.1,2,6,7
Another benefit of increasing serotonin levels may
be in addressing many of the emotional issues
overweight people face, including binge-eating and
depression. |
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Fat Metabolites
Fat metabolites are products of fat degradation.
Following exercise or other fat oxidation (burning)
processes, fat tissue breaks down into small
molecular components, including malondialdehyde,
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone.11
Increased urinary levels of fat metabolites indicate
increased fat degradation or "burning." Super
CitriMax® significantly increases fat burning as
indicated by increased output of urinary fat
metabolites.1,2 |
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Proven
Bioavailability
Previous human
clinical studies conduced at the University of
California, Berkeley, show that Super CitriMax®'s
highly soluble and bioavailable calcium/potassium-HCA
complex is absorbed and detectable in the blood
stream for up to 9 hours following administration,
with peak concentrations at 2 hours. Taken in
combination with a full meal, absorption is
significantly reduced.3 |
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“Clinical Strength” Dosage
Early animals studies by Hoffmann-La Roche and
others indicate that higher levels of HCA than those
typically recommended in dietary supplements for
humans are required to produce optimum results, and
that divided doses taken at least twice a day are
more effective than a single dose taken once a day.4,5
Levels of HCA used in the Super CitriMax® clinical
study were determined by extrapolation of optimal
micromolar concentrations of HCA required to evoke
peak levels of serotonin release in rat brain cortex
employing the following formula:6,7
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300 µM
(optimal HCA concentration in 15 ml) = 4.16
mg/ml HCA |
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4.16 mg/ml x 3,400 ml
(total plasma level of 85 kg human) = 14,144 mg |
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14,144 mg 5-fold
faster metabolism in rats than in humans = 2,828
mg |
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Subsequently, 2,800 mgs of HCA per day in three
divided doses was used in the Super CitriMax®
clinical study. For convenience purposes, however,
the dosage has been established at 2,700 mgs per
day, which allows administration of three 500 mg
Super CitriMax® capsules (providing 300 mgs HCA per
capsule), 3-times per day taken 30-60 minutes before
meals (3 caps x 300 mgs HCA/cap x 3-times/day =
2,700 mg HCA/day) (see Super CitriMax® Clinical
Strength Labeling Guidelines). |
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